Plagiarism and Similarity Screening

Journals may use external screening providers or future AI-assisted prechecks to flag overlap, citation irregularities, or metadata anomalies.

Potential issues are reviewed by editors and interpreted in context rather than acted on automatically.

Where overlap or integrity concerns are identified, editors may request clarification, revision, or reject the manuscript in accordance with journal policy.

All decisive actions should be documented through the editorial workflow so that the rationale is preserved in the audit trail.